1) A motorist made a 60-mile trip averaging 20 miles per hour. On the return trip, he averaged 30 miles per hour. What was the motorist's average speed for the entire trip?
2) 100 pounds of chocolate is packaged into boxes each containing 1 1/4 pounds of chocolate. Each box is then sold for $1.75. What is the total selling price for all of the boxes of chocolate? 3) In the multiplication problem below, A and B stand for different digits. Find A and B. A B x B A 1 1 4 3 0 4 3 1 5 4 Solutions: 1) The average speed for any trip is the total distance divided by the total time spent in traveling. The total distance was 120 miles and the total time was 5 hours. The average speed equals (120 miles)/(5 hours) or 24 miles/hour or 24 mph. 2) We need to know the number of boxes that were packaged in order to find the total selling price. The number of boxes is obtained by dividing 100 by 1 1/4: 100 divided by 5/4 = 100 x 4/5 = 80. 3) The first partial product 114 is equal to the product of AB and A. The second partial product 304 is equal to the product of AB and B. Then A must be less than B. Method 1: Since the product of AB and A is 114, A is a divisor of 114. Therefore A may be 2, 3, or 6. Since AB x A = 114, A cannot be 2 because AB x A would then be less 60. Similarly, A cannot be 6 since AB x A would then be greater than 360. Therefore A must be 3 and AB must be 114/3 or 38. Thus A = 3 and B = 8. Method 2: From the first partial product, observe that B x A must end in 4. Since A is less than B, A = 2 and B = 7, or A = 3 and B = 8, or A = 4 and B = 6. But 27 x 2 = 54, 46 x 4 = 184, and 38 x 3 = 114. Only the third equation satisfies the given conditions. So A = 3 and B = 8. Method 3: From the second partial product 304, we see that B x B ends in 4. Then B = 2 or 8. If B =2, then A must be 1 because A is less than B. But 12 x 21 = 252. If B = 8 and AB x B = 304, then AB = 304/8 or 38 and 38 x 83 = 3154. Therefore A = 3 and B = 8. it.
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